{"id":453,"date":"2018-12-28T00:18:20","date_gmt":"2018-12-27T17:18:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hoasen.ntc33.net\/khxh\/gioi-thieu-mon-hoc-quoc-gia-dan-to%cc%a3c-va-nha-nuoc\/"},"modified":"2024-01-30T11:12:33","modified_gmt":"2024-01-30T04:12:33","slug":"gioi-thieu-mon-hoc-quoc-gia-dan-to%cc%a3c-va-nha-nuoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ntc33.net\/khxh\/gioi-thieu-mon-hoc-quoc-gia-dan-to%cc%a3c-va-nha-nuoc\/","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc Qu\u00f4\u0301c gia, D\u00e2n t\u00f4\u0323c va\u0300 Nha\u0300 n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n
L\u01a1\u0300i th\u01a1 na\u0300y \u0111a\u0303 h\u01a1n m\u00f4\u0323t l\u00e2\u0300n vang l\u00ean trong nh\u01b0\u0303ng cu\u00f4\u0323c chi\u00ea\u0301n tranh gi\u01b0\u0303 n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c cu\u0309a ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i Vi\u00ea\u0323t: “Nam qu\u1ed1c s\u01a1n h\u00e0 nam \u0111\u1ebf c\u01b0. Ti\u1ec7t nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1eadn t\u1ea1i thi\u00ean th\u01b0”<\/em>\u00a0(S\u00f4ng nu\u0301i n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c Nam vua Nam \u01a1\u0309 \/ Ra\u0300nh ra\u0300nh \u0111i\u0323nh ph\u00e2\u0323n ta\u0323i sa\u0301ch tr\u01a1\u0300i).<\/p>\n R\u00f4\u0300i trong Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0111\u00f4\u0323c l\u00e2\u0323p n\u0103m 1945, H\u00f4\u0300 Chi\u0301 Minh vi\u00ea\u0301t: “N\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. To\u00e0n th\u1ec3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam quy\u1ebft \u0111em t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef v\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u1ea5y.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n Va\u0300 li\u0323ch s\u01b0\u0309 cu\u0309a r\u00e2\u0301t nhi\u00ea\u0300u d\u00e2n t\u00f4\u0323c tr\u00ean tra\u0301i \u0111\u00e2\u0301t na\u0300y cu\u0303ng \u0111\u00f4\u0300ng th\u01a1\u0300i la\u0300 li\u0323ch s\u01b0\u0309 cu\u0309a nh\u01b0\u0303ng cu\u00f4\u0323c chi\u00ea\u0301n tranh gi\u01b0\u0303 \u0111\u00f4\u0323c l\u00e2\u0323p qu\u00f4\u0301c gia, li\u0323ch s\u01b0\u0309 cu\u0309a chu\u0309 nghi\u0303a y\u00eau n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n (Photo: ngu\u00f4\u0300n Internet)<\/em><\/p>\n M\u0103\u0323t kha\u0301c, m\u00f4\u0323t nha\u0300 v\u0103n ho\u0301a t\u00e2\u0300m c\u01a1\u0303 nh\u01b0 Goethe la\u0323i no\u0301i, va\u0300o th\u00ea\u0301 ky\u0309 19: “N\u01a1i t\u00f4i ca\u0309m th\u00e2\u0301y mi\u0300nh co\u0301 i\u0301ch, \u0111\u00e2\u0301y se\u0303 la\u0300 t\u00f4\u0309 qu\u00f4\u0301c cu\u0309a t\u00f4i.”\u00a0Va\u0300 pha\u0301t bi\u00ea\u0309u na\u0300y la\u0323i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c coi nh\u01b0 la\u0300 s\u01b0\u0323 bi\u00ea\u0309u hi\u00ea\u0323n tuy\u00ea\u0323t \u0111e\u0323p cu\u0309a chu\u0309 nghi\u0303a y\u00eau n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c. Hay la\u0300, \u0111\u00f4\u0301i v\u01a1\u0301i tri\u00ea\u0301t gia chi\u0301nh tri\u0323 ho\u0323c Arendt, th\u00ea\u0301 ky\u0309 XX, kh\u00f4ng gian t\u00f4\u0300n ta\u0323i quan tro\u0323ng \u0111\u00f4\u0301i v\u01a1\u0301i con ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i la\u0300 “th\u00ea\u0301 gi\u01a1\u0301i”.<\/p>\n V\u00e2\u0323y, con ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i li\u00ea\u0323u co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 s\u00f4\u0301ng ma\u0300 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2\u0300n \u0111\u00ea\u0301n qu\u00f4\u0301c gia, kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2\u0300n \u0111\u00ea\u0301n d\u00e2n t\u00f4\u0323c? Chu\u0301ng ta co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 la\u0300m c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n th\u00ea\u0301 gi\u01a1\u0301i m\u00f4\u0323t ca\u0301ch tuy\u00ea\u0323t \u0111\u00f4\u0301i ma\u0300 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2\u0300n pha\u0309i b\u0103\u0301t r\u00ea\u0303 va\u0300o m\u00f4\u0323t la\u0303nh th\u00f4\u0309 na\u0300o hay m\u00f4\u0323t n\u00ea\u0300n v\u0103n ho\u0301a cu\u0309a m\u00f4\u0323t d\u00e2n t\u00f4\u0323c cu\u0323 th\u00ea\u0309 na\u0300o? Qua\u0301 tri\u0300nh toa\u0300n c\u00e2\u0300u ho\u0301a \u0111ang di\u00ea\u0303n ra li\u00ea\u0323u co\u0301 khi\u00ea\u0301n cho con ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 s\u00f4\u0301ng ma\u0300 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2\u0300n \u0111\u00ea\u0301n ba\u0309n s\u0103\u0301c ca\u0301 nh\u00e2n va\u0300 ba\u0309n s\u0103\u0301c d\u00e2n t\u00f4\u0323c?<\/p>\n Li\u00ean quan \u0111\u00ea\u0301n c\u00e2u ho\u0309i na\u0300y la\u0300 m\u00f4\u0323t c\u00e2u ho\u0309i kha\u0301c: Loa\u0300i ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i \u0111a\u0303 tra\u0309i qua nh\u01b0\u0303ng giai \u0111oa\u0323n trong \u0111o\u0301 ho\u0323 t\u00f4\u0309 ch\u01b0\u0301c cu\u00f4\u0323c s\u00f4\u0301ng ma\u0300 kh\u00f4ng co\u0301 nha\u0300 n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c. V\u00e2\u0323y nha\u0300 n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c \u0111o\u0301ng vai tro\u0300 gi\u0300 \u0111\u00f4\u0301i v\u01a1\u0301i \u0111\u01a1\u0300i s\u00f4\u0301ng t\u01b0\u0300ng ca\u0301 nh\u00e2n? Nha\u0300 n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c co\u0301 vai tro\u0300 gi\u0300 \u0111\u00f4\u0301i v\u01a1\u0301i s\u01b0\u0323 t\u00f4\u0300n ta\u0323i cu\u0309a ca\u0301c qu\u00f4\u0301c gia va\u0300 ca\u0301c d\u00e2n t\u00f4\u0323c? Va\u0300 ca\u0301c hi\u0300nh tha\u0301i nha\u0300 n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c se\u0303 co\u0300n c\u00e2\u0300n thi\u00ea\u0301t \u0111\u00ea\u0301n khi na\u0300o?<\/p>\n M\u00f4n ho\u0323c\u00a0Qu\u00f4\u0301c gia, D\u00e2n t\u00f4\u0323c va\u0300 Nha\u0300 n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c\u00a0<\/em>se\u0303 giu\u0301p sinh vi\u00ean ti\u0300m ki\u00ea\u0301m ca\u0301c ki\u00ea\u0301n th\u01b0\u0301c c\u00f4ng cu\u0323 \u0111\u00ea\u0309 gia\u0309i quy\u00ea\u0301t ca\u0301c c\u00e2u ho\u0309i tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n \u0110\u00f4\u0300ng th\u01a1\u0300i, cu\u0300ng v\u01a1\u0301i ca\u0301c tra\u0309i nghi\u00ea\u0323m se\u0303 di\u00ea\u0303n ra trong qua\u0301 tri\u0300nh ho\u0323c, sinh vi\u00ean se\u0303 \u0111i \u0111\u00ea\u0301n ch\u00f4\u0303 t\u01b0\u0323 quy\u00ea\u0301t \u0111i\u0323nh r\u0103\u0300ng co\u0301 c\u00e2\u0300n thi\u00ea\u0301t hay kh\u00f4ng vi\u00ea\u0323c kha\u0301m pha\u0301 ba\u0309n th\u00e2n mi\u0300nh, kha\u0301m \u0111\u00e2\u0301t n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c va\u0300 th\u00ea\u0301 gi\u01a1\u0301i\u00a0; co\u0301 c\u00e2\u0300n hay kh\u00f4ng vi\u00ea\u0323c la\u0303nh nh\u00e2\u0323n tra\u0301ch nhi\u00ea\u0323m \u0111\u00f4\u0301i v\u01a1\u0301i qu\u00f4\u0301c gia cu\u0309a ho\u0323, \u0111\u00f4\u0301i v\u01a1\u0301i d\u00e2n t\u00f4\u0323c cu\u0309a ho\u0323\u00a0; va\u0300 co\u0301 c\u00e2\u0300n thi\u00ea\u0301t hay kh\u00f4ng vi\u00ea\u0323c pha\u0309i co\u0301 tra\u0301ch nhi\u00ea\u0323m \u0111o\u0301ng go\u0301p va\u0300o th\u00ea\u0301 gi\u01a1\u0301i chung cu\u0309a nh\u00e2n loa\u0323i r\u00f4\u0323ng l\u01a1\u0301n na\u0300y. Sinh vi\u00ean cu\u0303ng se\u0303 t\u01b0\u0323 quy\u00ea\u0301t \u0111i\u0323nh xem ho\u0323 co\u0301 mu\u00f4\u0301n va\u0300 co\u0301 kha\u0309 n\u0103ng ti\u00ea\u0301n ha\u0300nh vi\u00ea\u0323c ki\u00ea\u0301n ta\u0323o ba\u0309n s\u0103\u0301c ca\u0301 nh\u00e2n va\u0300 ba\u0309n s\u0103\u0301c d\u00e2n t\u00f4\u0323c trong hai qua\u0301 tri\u0300nh song song\u00a0: v\u01b0\u0300a ba\u0309o t\u00f4\u0300n ca\u0301c gia\u0301 tri\u0323 truy\u00ea\u0300n th\u00f4\u0301ng v\u01b0\u0300a tham gia va\u0300o vi\u00ea\u0323c hi\u0300nh tha\u0300nh ca\u0301c gia\u0301 tri\u0323 cu\u0309a th\u00ea\u0301 gi\u01a1\u0301i hi\u00ea\u0323n ta\u0323i.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Reproduction interdite \u2013 Magritte<\/em><\/p>\n M\u00f4n ho\u0323c Qu\u00f4\u0301c gia, D\u00e2n t\u00f4\u0323c va\u0300 Nha\u0300 n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c<\/em> se\u0303 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c \u0111\u01b0a va\u0300o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u0300nh gia\u0309ng da\u0323y cu\u0309a B\u00f4\u0323 m\u00f4n Gia\u0301o du\u0323c Khai pho\u0301ng, k\u00ea\u0309 t\u01b0\u0300 Ho\u0323c ky\u0300 II, n\u0103m ho\u0323c 2018-2019.<\/p>\n Gia\u0309ng vi\u00ean phu\u0323 tra\u0301ch m\u00f4n ho\u0323c: Nguy\u00ea\u0303n Thi\u0323 T\u01b0\u0300 Huy<\/p>\n