{"id":393,"date":"2021-08-17T08:51:19","date_gmt":"2021-08-17T01:51:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hoasen.ntc33.net\/khxh\/gender-talk-8-vi-the-co-dau-viet-o-dai-loan-va-o-han-quoc\/"},"modified":"2023-10-05T09:34:52","modified_gmt":"2023-10-05T02:34:52","slug":"gender-talk-8-vi-the-co-dau-viet-o-dai-loan-va-o-han-quoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ntc33.net\/khxh\/gender-talk-8-vi-the-co-dau-viet-o-dai-loan-va-o-han-quoc\/","title":{"rendered":"Gender Talk #8: V\u1ecb Th\u1ebf C\u00f4 D\u00e2u Vi\u1ec7t \u1edf \u0110\u00e0i Loan v\u00e0 \u1edf H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n
\n

Ng\u00e0y 29\/04\/2021, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc Hoa Sen \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1edbi – Gender Talk #8 v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1: \u201cV\u1ecb Th\u1ebf C\u00f4 D\u00e2u Vi\u1ec7t \u1edf \u0110\u00e0i Loan v\u00e0 \u1edf H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c.\u201d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 1: \u201cC\u00f4 d\u00e2u Vi\u1ec7t \u1edf H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c\u201d, TS.Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ba n\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh: T\u1ed5ng quan t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t \u2013 H\u00e0n, \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0, v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u00f4 d\u00e2u Vi\u1ec7t \u1edf H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Gender
TS. Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1ea3o chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n sinh vi\u00ean v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t – H\u00e0n.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, c\u00f4 Th\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0a ra s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 quan Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c (KOSTAT) v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t \u2013 H\u00e0n n\u00f3i ri\u00eang. Theo KOSTAT, n\u0103m 2020, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 23.643 cu\u1ed9c h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 k\u1ebft h\u00f4n gi\u1eefa ch\u1ed3ng H\u00e0n v\u00e0 v\u1ee3 ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c chi\u1ebfm t\u1edbi 74,8%. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 g\u1ea7n 80% c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ch\u1ed3ng h\u01a1n tu\u1ed5i v\u1ee3 (42% c\u00f3 ch\u1ed3ng h\u01a1n 10 tu\u1ed5i). X\u00e9t ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t \u2013 H\u00e0n, kho\u1ea3ng 60% c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i k\u1ebft h\u00f4n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 70% l\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u00f4n th\u00f4ng qua trung t\u00e2m m\u00f4i gi\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn, c\u00f4 Th\u1ea3o tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ba l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u1ea5y ch\u1ed3ng H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c g\u1ed3m: \u201cGi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c (Korean Dream)\u201d, tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c (Hallyu) v\u00e0 l\u00fd do kinh t\u1ebf. T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n v\u1ee3 Vi\u1ec7t \u2013 ch\u1ed3ng H\u00e0n chi\u1ebfm t\u1edbi g\u1ea7n 40% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u1edf H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4 d\u00e2u Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1t 44.172 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u2013 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c c\u00f4 d\u00e2u n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u1edf H\u00e0n n\u0103m 2019. Theo nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i ch\u1ed3ng H\u00e0n \u2013 v\u1ee3 Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 16 tu\u1ed5i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 li h\u00f4n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh H\u00e0n \u2013 Vi\u1ec7t c\u0169ng cao \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 hai, sau c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i H\u00e0n \u2013 Trung. Hai l\u00ed do l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i n\u00e0y li h\u00f4n l\u00e0 do ch\u1ed3ng b\u1ea1o h\u00e0nh, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng sinh ho\u1ea1t, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, v\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t \u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh k\u1ebft h\u00f4n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u201cgia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111a v\u0103n h\u00f3a\u201d v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb sinh ra trong c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb \u0111a v\u0103n h\u00f3a\u201d. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng tr\u1ebb n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebb v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 b\u1ecf h\u1ecdc cao do quan h\u1ec7 b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, th\u1ea7y c\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng theo k\u1ecbp n\u1ed9i dung tr\u00ean l\u1edbp.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Gender<\/span><\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfp theo, c\u00f4 Th\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c trong th\u1eddi phong ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1edbi. H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc b\u1edfi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng Nho gi\u00e1o. Ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt th\u1eddi phong ki\u1ebfn qui \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i h\u00f4n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng \u201cph\u00e9p t\u1eafc\u201d trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 7 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ea3i s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ch\u1ed3ng \u0111u\u1ed5i kh\u1ecfi nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c li h\u00f4n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p (\u201cth\u1ea5t xu\u1ea5t\u201d). B\u1ea3y \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m: (1) kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con trai; (2) kh\u00f4ng nghe l\u1eddi, ph\u1ee5ng d\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 ch\u1ed3ng; (3) l\u1eafm l\u1eddi; (4) ghen tu\u00f4ng; (5) d\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3ng; (6) \u00e1c t\u1eadt; (7) tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng Nho gi\u00e1o, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i ch\u1ecbu \u201cg\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng vai tr\u00f2 k\u00e9p\u201d ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u1ec1u vai tr\u00f2 trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. Nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef H\u00e0n c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft h\u00f4n ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng sinh con do b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1edbi \u1edf H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c v\u1eabn r\u1ea5t cao. V\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch m\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1eefa hai gi\u1edbi l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o n\u1eef ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm 2,1%.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, c\u00f4 Th\u1ea3o gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u00f4 d\u00e2u Vi\u1ec7t \u1edf H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cnh\u00f3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 (minority group)\u201d c\u00f9ng v\u00f4 v\u00e0n nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u0103n h\u00f3a, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed, kinh t\u1ebf, nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y con v\u00e0 xung \u0111\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f4 Th\u1ea3o c\u0169ng gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 d\u00e2u Vi\u1ec7t \u1edf x\u1ee9 H\u00e0n nh\u1edd ngh\u1ecb l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c c\u00f4 d\u00e2u c\u00f9ng s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Chuy\u1ec3n sang Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ee9 hai: \u201cC\u00f4 D\u00e2u Vi\u1ec7t \u1edf \u0110\u00e0i Loan\u201d do Th.S\u00a0Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Ng\u00e2n Ho\u00e0i tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y. C\u00f4 Ho\u00e0i t\u1eadp trung chia s\u1ebb v\u1ec1 \u201cT\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh chung v\u1ec1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1edbi \u1edf \u0110\u00e0i Loan, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef k\u1ebft h\u00f4n ch\u1ed3ng \u0110\u00e0i Loan, v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 d\u00e2u Vi\u1ec7t \u1edf \u0110\u00e0i Loan.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh chung v\u1ec1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1edbi \u1edf \u0110\u00e0i Loan, c\u00f4 Ho\u00e0i cho r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u00e0i Loan l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ea5t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y quy\u1ec1n ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u1ec1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1edbi. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, n\u0103m 2016, \u0110\u00e0i Loan c\u00f3 n\u1eef t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 B\u00e0 Th\u00e1i Anh V\u0103n. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00e1c n\u1eef l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 38%, so v\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 22%. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 B\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng Gi\u1edbi (GII) c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00e0i Loan n\u0103m 2017 \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 8 v\u00e0 2019 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 6.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Gender
Th.S\u00a0Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Ng\u00e2n Ho\u00e0i tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 C\u00f4 d\u00e2u Vi\u1ec7t \u1edf \u0110\u00e0i Loan.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

K\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef k\u1ebft h\u00f4n ch\u1ed3ng \u0110\u00e0i Loan. C\u00f4 Ho\u00e0i chia s\u1ebb l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4 g\u00e1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i k\u1ebft h\u00f4n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u00e0i Loan b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1990 v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 l\u1ea5y ch\u1ed3ng \u0110\u00e0i Loan. Theo c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean c\u1ee9u, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh cho hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do:<\/span><\/p>\n