{"id":283,"date":"2017-09-07T07:42:04","date_gmt":"2017-09-07T07:42:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hoasen.ntc33.net\/huongnghiep\/nganh-hang-khong-giac-mo-cua-gioi-tre\/"},"modified":"2023-10-05T02:23:09","modified_gmt":"2023-10-05T02:23:09","slug":"nganh-hang-khong-giac-mo-cua-gioi-tre","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ntc33.net\/huongnghiep\/nganh-hang-khong-giac-mo-cua-gioi-tre\/","title":{"rendered":"Ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng \u2013 Gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n
Ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0nh v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 \u201ck\u00edn c\u1ed5ng cao t\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a bao ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda th\u00e2m nghi\u00eam \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n
I. B\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft g\u00ec v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n, t\u1eeb \u201ch\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng\u201d nghe c\u00f3 v\u1ebb xa v\u1eddi nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y bay b\u00e9 t\u1eb9o m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi. V\u1ebb nh\u00e0n nh\u00e3, h\u00e0o nho\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng n\u1eef ti\u1ebfp vi\u00ean h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng xinh \u0111\u1eb9p hay s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 phim v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng t\u1eb7c do\u00a0Hollywoods\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u0103ng kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp trong ng\u00e0y 11\/9 \u0111en t\u1ed1i. Nh\u1eefng g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 l\u1ed9t t\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi bao la c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0 \u00edt ai, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m trong ngh\u1ec1, d\u00e1m t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o l\u00e0 m\u00ecnh bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 n\u00f3.<\/p>\n D\u00f9 tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m do bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 an ninh,\u00a0ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh th\u00fa v\u1ecb, b\u00ed m\u1eadt m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7tNam\u00a0ch\u00fang ta, bay tr\u00ean b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi trong m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y bay kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n gh\u00ea g\u1edbm h\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e0n h\u1ea1 l\u01b0\u01a1ng cao v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho con ch\u00e1u nh\u1eefng gia \u0111\u00ecnh quy\u1ec1n th\u1ebf hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ng\u00e0nh, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ngh\u0129 sai l\u1ea7m. M\u1ea5y ai bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5 bao m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i, n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 an nguy c\u1ee7a t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn bay an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2013, n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i, nh\u1edd v\u1eady nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u0169ng \u0111ang c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi. Theo d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i V\u1eadn t\u1ea3i h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IATA), nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng n\u0103m 2013 s\u1ebd t\u0103ng 27% v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn s\u1ebd \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf m\u1ee9c 10,6 t\u1ef7 USD. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c chi\u1ebfm 40% kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00e2u \u00c1 -Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn t\u1ea1o n\u00ean l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn kho\u1ea3ng 4,2 t\u1ef7 USD trong n\u0103m 2013. \u0110\u00e2y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t n\u1ebfu nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n D\u1ef1 b\u00e1o trong n\u0103m 2013, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng Vi\u1ec7t\u00a0Nam\u00a0v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, trong \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng tr\u00ean 17%. C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng, Vi\u1ec7t\u00a0Nam\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong ba th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 50 h\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111ang c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t\u00a0Nam. Ngo\u00e0i ra, nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng b\u00e0y t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1c quan v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Vi\u1ec7t\u00a0Nam\u00a0trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m t\u1edbi. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn c\u1eadn c\u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng trong ngh\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm cho m\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n II.\u00a0\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/strong>:<\/p>\n Trong ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng hay c\u00e1c c\u1ea3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n s\u1ed1ng trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c cho c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn bay v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb b\u1ed1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1eddi. B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i m\u00e1y bay mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3i ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u0169ng kh\u00e1 kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m ca \u0111\u00eam, trong c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y ngh\u1ec9 cu\u1ed1i tu\u1ea7n v\u00e0 l\u1ec5 t\u1ebft. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed nh\u01b0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf s\u00e2n bay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi trong m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng nh\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n V\u1eadn t\u1ea3i h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t nhanh, nhu c\u1ea7u tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n tuy\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng khai th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ee3t ho\u1eb7c quanh n\u0103m, t\u00f9y nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn. Nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 tuy\u1ec3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao trong ng\u00e0nh, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, tu d\u01b0\u1ee1ng.<\/p>\n III. Thu nh\u1eadp cao \u0111i c\u00f9ng tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1edbn:<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n H\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng x\u01b0a nay v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0nh \u201cgi\u00e0u c\u00f3\u201d khi m\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 t\u1ea1i ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb. B\u1ed9 Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, Th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh v\u00e0 X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng c\u00f3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. Trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111ang g\u1ea5p kho\u1ea3ng 10 l\u1ea7n ng\u00e0nh d\u1ec7t may.<\/p>\n T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c H\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (ICAO) \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nguy c\u01a1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng phi c\u00f4ng, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0u. L\u00fd do l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao n\u00e0y ngh\u1ec9 h\u01b0u v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2030. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a ICAO cho bi\u1ebft s\u1ed1 m\u00e1y bay d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i s\u1ebd t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 61.883 m\u00e1y bay n\u0103m 2010 l\u00ean 151.565 m\u00e1y bay trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2010-2030 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 chuy\u1ebfn bay s\u1ebd t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 26 tri\u1ec7u l\u00ean 52 tri\u1ec7u chuy\u1ebfn trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y. Trung b\u00ecnh h\u00e0ng n\u0103m, ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o 52.506 phi c\u00f4ng, 70.331 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 8.718 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0u. So v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7n nay h\u00e0ng n\u0103m, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu 8.146 phi c\u00f4ng, 36.000 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 1.978 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0u.<\/p>\n T\u1ed5ng Th\u01b0 k\u00fd ICAO Raymond Benjamin nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ebd ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Hi\u1ec7n nay, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 gi\u1eef ch\u00e2n c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.<\/p>\n
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